Independent and combined cardiovascular risk factors and their relationship with the body mass index of adolescents.
Keywords:
Adolescent, Overweight, Obesity, Heart disease risk factorsAbstract
The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and body mass index (BMI) in adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. This is a cross-sectional study conducted with 827 adolescents between April and December 2015. BMI was calculated based on weight and height measurements. The cardiovascular risk factors assessed were waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), lipid profile and eating breakfast. A combined cardiovascular health assessment was created based on these factors. Data normality was evaluated using the Shapiro-Wilk test, correlations were analyzed using Spearman’s coefficient, and differences in means were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post-hoc test. A significance level of 5% (p < 0.05) was considered. The results showed a median BMI of 20 kg/m². In the combined cardiovascular health assessment, 45.2% had moderate risk and 22.9% high cardiovascular risk. 56.4% of the adolescents regularly consumed breakfast. Significant correlations were observed between BMI, central adiposity measures (WC and WHtR), and triglycerides, with a negative correlation with HDL-C. Thus, not having breakfast, high WHR and altered lipid profile are related to a higher BMI in the adolescents evaluated.
index (BMI) in adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. This is a cross-sectional study conducted with 827 adolescents
between April and December 2015. BMI was calculated based on weight and height measurements. The
cardiovascular risk factors assessed were waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), lipid profile and eating breakfast. A
combined cardiovascular health assessment was created based on these factors. Data normality was evaluated
using the Shapiro-Wilk test, correlations were analyzed using Spearman’s coefficient, and differences in means
were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post-hoc test. A significance
level of 5% (p < 0.05) was considered. The results showed a median BMI of 20 kg/m². In the combined
cardiovascular health assessment, 45.2% had moderate risk and 22.9% high cardiovascular risk. 56.4% of the
adolescents regularly consumed breakfast. Significant correlations were observed between BMI, central
adiposity measures (WC and WHtR), and triglycerides, with a negative correlation with HDL-C. Thus, not
having breakfast, high WHR and altered lipid profile are related to a higher BMI in the adolescents evaluated.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Josivânia Morais, Carla Maia, Maria Dinara Nogueira, Antônia Mariza Silva, Gabrielly Monteiro, Ana Cecília Dantas, Ana Victória Ramalho, Lara Borges
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