Advances in biotechnology of industrial hydrolase enzymes: anaerobic biodigestion as a source of producing microorganisms – a review study
Keywords:
Hydrolytic enzymes, anaerobic digestion, biotechnology, microorganismsAbstract
Microbial hydrolytic enzymes, such as amylase, cellulase, xylanase, lipase, and protease, are biocatalysts that break down complex biomolecules into simpler products. They function sustainably under optimal pH and temperature conditions, are highly stable and efficient in chemical transformations, and are widely applied in a variety of industries such as food, biofuel, chemical, pharmaceutical, pulp and paper, and textile. Environments with high concentrations of organic matter are ideal sources for bioprospecting microorganisms that produce these enzymes, as they provide favorable conditions for their growth and development. Biotechnology aims to harness microbial biodiversity by identifying microorganisms with enzyme production potential isolated from these sources, seeking both biotechnological and economic advantages. The bioprospecting of hydrolytic enzymes produced by microorganisms isolated from underexplored sources increases the availability of these biomolecules, driving the development of new biotechnological applications. Anaerobic digestion, a biological process that treats complex organic waste through the metabolism of various microorganisms producing active metabolites, is a promising source of microorganisms that produce industrial hydrolytic enzymes. This review highlights the importance of evaluating anaerobic digestion as a valuable source of microorganisms that produce hydrolytic enzymes.
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