Influência da suplementação da melatonina e triptofano na qualidade do sono de mulheres em tratamento do câncer de mama: uma revisão integrativa
Palavras-chave:
melatonina, triptofano, sono, câncer de mamaResumo
A melatonina tem sido investigada como um agente terapêutico potencialmente útil para melhorar o sono e a qualidade de vida de pacientes com câncer. Embora os distúrbios do sono sejam comuns ao longo da trajetória do tratamento do câncer de mama, estes continuam sendo subdiagnosticados na prática clínica. A frequência, a gravidade e o padrão da insônia podem variar durante o tratamento, afetando as pacientes após o primeiro ciclo de quimioterapia ou durante o período perioperatório. Baixos níveis de triptofano, aminoácido essencial para a síntese de proteínas e precursor do neurotransmissor serotonina e metabólito da melatonina, também podem estar relacionados com estes sintomas. Este estudo teve como objetivo revisar a literatura sobre a ação da melatonina e triptofano, suplementados via oral, na qualidade do sono de mulheres em tratamento do câncer de mama. No total foram encontrados 883 estudos nas bases de dados Lilacs, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus e Web of Science, com publicações entre janeiro de 2010 a dezembro de 2021 e baseado nos critérios de inclusão, foram selecionados 6 estudos nesta revisão integrativa. Os resultados mostram o benefício e a eficiência do uso da suplementação de melatonina na qualidade e no tempo total do sono, associada a condição perioperatória do câncer de mama e durante o seu tratamento. Foi possível, também, identificar que a suplementação de triptofano, pode levar a um aumento da melatonina circulante e diminuir a prevalência da insônia que afeta grande parte da população em estudo.
Palavras-chave: melatonina; triptofano; sono; câncer de mama.
Abstract
Melatonin is a useful therapeutic agent that improves the quality of sleep and life, of patients with cancer. While sleep disturbances are common throughout breast cancer treatment, such symptoms remain underdiagnosed in clinical practice. Frequency, severity, and pattern of insomnia vary during treatment, affecting patients after the first cycle of chemotherapy and during the perioperative period. Tryptophan low levels, an essential amino acid for protein synthesis and precursor of the neurotransmitter serotonin and melatonin metabolite, may be related to these symptoms. The aim was reviewing the literature on the action of melatonin and tryptophan, supplemented orally, on the sleep quality of women undergoing breast cancer treatment. A search for articles published between January 2010 and December 2021 in Lilacs, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, yielded 883 articles. And, based on the inclusion criteria, 6 studies were selected in this integrative review. The results show the benefit and efficiency of using melatonin supplementation on the quality and total sleep time, associated with the perioperative of breast cancer and during its treatment. It was possible to identify that tryptophan supplementation led to an increase in circulating melatonin and decrease the prevalence of insomnia that affects the study population.
Keywords: melatonin supplementation, tryptophan supplementation, sleep quality, breast cancer.
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